Advanced Search Indexes in Gale Virtual Reference Library

Here are the indexes in Gale Virtual Reference Library you may use with Advanced Search.

Note that the index and logical operator selections that you see by default on your screen are only suggestions. Use the drop-down lists if you want to make your own selections. To search on multiple indexes, select a logical operator at the far left to connect each index you're searching. The AND operator is used by default, unless you select OR or NOT. To search more than three indexes, click the Add a row link.

The following list of indexes is alphabetized by the index name:

Index Abbreviation Description

Author au Searches names of authors of documents. Authors are indexed in surname/given name order; for example, nelan bruce w. A search in the author index for two names with no intervening operator will find occurrences of the names within two words of each other in either direction, but it's still best to search in surname-first order.

Document Number rn Searches for a specific document based on the document's unique identifying number. You have to know the document's number to conduct this search. You can find the document number at the bottom of a document. Be sure to note this number if you think you'll need to access the document later. Note: This search supersedes all other search criteria you may have entered.

Document Title ti The document title index is composed of all words (except stop words) in document titles. The title of an article will generally be the topic of an essay (e.g. person name, name of an organization, etc.), so this is generally a good search to use if you are looking for a particular subject. This is also a good search to use if you know only part of the title you are looking for.

Edition eu The edition number, if used, references the sequential version of the book, such as the fourth edition. Edition numbers are formatted in the database as cardinal numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) even if the publication originally used ordinal numbers. So to search for the 4th edition, enter the number 4.

Entire Document tx Entire document refers to all words (except stop words) from the body of documents as well as the fields of information included in the keyword search. This is a good search to use if you are looking for a particular line of text, an unusual phrase, jargon, new terminology or abstract topics.

Image Caption ic This search allows you to find documents with a particular photo or image.

ISBN ib ISBN is the International Standard Book Number given to every book by the Library of Congress. Each book title and volume has its own unique ISBN. You can search on the ISBN for the print or electronic version of the book. By choosing the ISBN you are limiting your search to a particular title. Note: As of January 1, 2007 all books are published with ISBN-13s (a 13-digit ISBN code). You may still search on the old 10-digit ISBN, although the system will display all codes in the new ISBN-13 format on the About this Publication page.

Keyword ke This allows you to search the entire collection to find documents that are about a particular subject or person. This keyword search encompasses article titles, the first 50 words of text, and the back-of-the-book index terms that have been assigned to an article.

Previous Searches * ps Use one or more of your past searches, alone or in combination with other indexes, to create a new search. Previous searches are labeled with search result numbers: R1, R2, R3, etc., with the higher numbers first and indicating the most recent search. Note: The asterisk (*) indicates that when you select this index, a Browse link will appear below the index input box.

Publication Title pu Simply fill in the box with a book title and the system will limit your search to a particular eBook title. Use this search especially for series titles, such as Contemporary Authors. Alternatively, you may use the by publication title search limiter field.

Publisher pb The publisher index lets you search for references to a particular publisher of an eBook.

Start Page sp The page on which an article/entry begins. Please note that some publishers do not provide pagination or may paginate the electronic version of a publication differently than the print version. You may use range operators with this index (go to an example). Always enter cardinal numbers (1, 2, 3 and so on) in this field, even if the publication uses Roman numerals for pagination.

Subject su The subject index lets you search for documents by words in the topic under which they're indexed. The index consists of all words (except stop words) from Library of Congress subject headings (without subdivisions), people, companies, products, organizations, geographic locations, events, artistic and other published works, statutes and case numbers.

Title Code tmc This index lets you search search across all editions of a publication as represented by its title code (such as 0HNY or 0BAR).

Volume Number vo The volume number, if used, references a collection of two or more books. Volume numbers are formatted in the database as cardinal numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) even if the publication originally used Roman numerals.

Index	Abbreviation	Description
Author	au	Searches names of authors of documents. Authors are indexed in surname/given name order; for example, nelan bruce w. A search in the author index for two names with no intervening operator will find occurrences of the names within two words of each other in either direction, but it's still best to search in surname-first order.
Document Number	rn	Searches for a specific document based on the document's unique identifying number. You have to know the document's number to conduct this search. You can find the document number at the bottom of a document. Be sure to note this number if you think you'll need to access the document later. Note: This search supersedes all other search criteria you may have entered.
Document Title	ti	The document title index is composed of all words (except stop words) in document titles. The title of an article will generally be the topic of an essay (e.g. person name, name of an organization, etc.), so this is generally a good search to use if you are looking for a particular subject. This is also a good search to use if you know only part of the title you are looking for.
Edition	eu	The edition number, if used, references the sequential version of the book, such as the fourth edition. Edition numbers are formatted in the database as cardinal numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) even if the publication originally used ordinal numbers. So to search for the 4th edition, enter the number 4.
Entire Document	tx	Entire document refers to all words (except stop words) from the body of documents as well as the fields of information included in the keyword search. This is a good search to use if you are looking for a particular line of text, an unusual phrase, jargon, new terminology or abstract topics.
Image Caption	ic	This search allows you to find documents with a particular photo or image.
ISBN	ib	ISBN is the International Standard Book Number given to every book by the Library of Congress. Each book title and volume has its own unique ISBN. You can search on the ISBN for the print or electronic version of the book. By choosing the ISBN you are limiting your search to a particular title. Note: As of January 1, 2007 all books are published with ISBN-13s (a 13-digit ISBN code). You may still search on the old 10-digit ISBN, although the system will display all codes in the new ISBN-13 format on the About this Publication page.
Keyword	ke	This allows you to search the entire collection to find documents that are about a particular subject or person. This keyword search encompasses article titles, the first 50 words of text, and the back-of-the-book index terms that have been assigned to an article.
Previous Searches *	ps	Use one or more of your past searches, alone or in combination with other indexes, to create a new search. Previous searches are labeled with search result numbers: R1, R2, R3, etc., with the higher numbers first and indicating the most recent search. Note: The asterisk () indicates that when you select this index, a Browse* link will appear below the index input box.
Publication Title	pu	Simply fill in the box with a book title and the system will limit your search to a particular eBook title. Use this search especially for series titles, such as Contemporary Authors. Alternatively, you may use the by publication title search limiter field.
Publisher	pb	The publisher index lets you search for references to a particular publisher of an eBook.
Start Page	sp	The page on which an article/entry begins. Please note that some publishers do not provide pagination or may paginate the electronic version of a publication differently than the print version. You may use range operators with this index (go to an example). Always enter cardinal numbers (1, 2, 3 and so on) in this field, even if the publication uses Roman numerals for pagination.
Subject	su	The subject index lets you search for documents by words in the topic under which they're indexed. The index consists of all words (except stop words) from Library of Congress subject headings (without subdivisions), people, companies, products, organizations, geographic locations, events, artistic and other published works, statutes and case numbers.
Title Code	tmc	This index lets you search search across all editions of a publication as represented by its title code (such as 0HNY or 0BAR).
Volume Number	vo	The volume number, if used, references a collection of two or more books. Volume numbers are formatted in the database as cardinal numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) even if the publication originally used Roman numerals.